Water Polution
Apart from Air, water is the next basic necessity for living beings to survive. India shares only 4% of world’s fresh water resources with 18% of world’s population, putting considerable stress on its existing water resources. India experiences an average rainfall of 1,170 millimeters (46 in) per year, or about 4,000 cubic kilometers (960 cu mi) of rains annually or about 1 ,720 cubic metres (61 ,OOO cu ft) of fresh water per person every year. Some 80 percent of its area experiences rains of 750 millimeters (30 in) or more a year. Other than rains, the melting of snow over the Himalayas after winter season feeds the northern rivers to varying degrees. There are 12 major rivers in India providing fresh water, mostly Himalayan or rain fed. Ground water is also a major source of water for India, with various ponds and rivers across major cities in India.
However, this rain is not uniform in time or geography. Most of the rains occur during its monsoon seasons (June to September), with the north east and north receiving far more rains than India’s west and south. The increase in the average temperature of the earth due to global warming is also putting stress on these water resources. The ground water resources are also being over extracted due to irrigation and residential requirements.
The water pollution can be categorized as domestic and industrial waste water pollution. The domestic waste water comprises mainly of the sanitary waste water from residential and commercial areas. Majority of the rural centers do not have proper sewage system and hence quantification of the waste water generated, collected, and treated becomes difficult. Also, in many rural areas, open defecation is common, and sewage from domestic water use reaches nearby surface water bodies (MOEF, 2012).
In the era of Industrialization, waste water pollution has become a big challenge. Even after rigid GPCB, CPCB norms, many small scale industries dump their untreated wastewater directly into the rivers or nearby water bodies, leading to various health hazards among living organisms in and around the water bodies. This issue is also intensifying with the increase in urbanization and increases in the number of related industries.
We have lots of water resources but to have adequate water resources is not enough, people must get fresh and clean water to drink as well as to use on day to day basis. With water pollution, we have a big challenge of clean water management. We are focusing on water cleaning and we’ll also try to provide clean drinking water for a people and we are in a process to provide unpolluted water to the farmers for their farming work.